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Capability coalitions in support of Ukraine

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Capability coalitions, which were established within the framework of the Ukraine Defence Contact Group (UDCG), aims to coordinate and mobilise military support to Ukraine.

At the initiative of the United States in mid-2023, it was proposed to coordinate international military support to Ukraine through capability coalitions. By mobilising support in capability coalitions, bilateral contributions can more effectively meet Ukraine’s needs. At the same time, these coalitions help provide a coherent picture of the overall support and Ukraine’s needs.

The coalitions also give participating countries the opportunity to learn how Ukraine uses this support on the battlefield, and details concerning its effectiveness and reliability, field repairs and maintenance.

Capability coalitions in which Sweden takes part

Sweden takes part in coalitions where it has the best capability to contribute to the overall efforts and, by extension, support to Ukraine. Sweden regularly reviews its participation in these coalitions, where it is represented by experts from the Ministry of Defence, the Swedish Armed Forces, the Defence Materiel Administration, the Defence Materiel Administration, the Swedish Coast Guard and the Swedish Defence Research Agency.

The Armour Capability Coalition aims to strengthen Ukraine’s capability to use armoured vehicles in combat and improve the overall mechanised capability of its units. Participating countries donate combat vehicles with anti-splinter protection and armour-piercing ammunition, and train Ukrainian personnel in tactics and combat techniques. The objective is to support Ukraine in both defensive battle and offensive operations.

The Air Force Capability Coalition aims to strengthen Ukraine’s air defence, with a focus on combat aircraft. It enhances Ukraine’s capability by transferring Western combat aircraft – primarily F-16s – to Ukraine and introducing Western air combat doctrine and tactics. Sweden’s donation of the Airborne Surveillance and Control aircraft (ASC 890) will be integrated as a vital asset within the Ukraine air defence system.

The Demining Coalition aims to develop Ukraine’s capability to clear landmines, as approximately 30 per cent of the country’s surface area is believed to be mined. The Coalition handles both demining carried out by military units and humanitarian demining to clear mines in civilian infrastructure. The Coalition focuses on purchasing equipment and training Ukrainian personnel in demining.

The Maritime Security Capability Coalition aims to enhance Ukraine’s maritime capability by strengthening the Ukrainian Navy and supporting capacity-building of other maritime structures, such as the Ukrainian Border Guard, customs and port authorities. This will improve Ukraine’s ability to conduct safe maritime transport and enhance the Ukrainian Navy’s capacity in maritime surveillance, amphibious operations, control of the sea and countering Russian aggression.. From a short-term perspective, mine clearance of shipping lanes into Ukrainian ports is of utmost importance to safeguard civilian shipping traffic.

The Coalition works in various constellations: surface combat fleet, the Navy, the river flotilla, naval aviation, unmanned capabilities and the Coastal Defence Brigade. 

The Drone Capability Coalition aims to enhance Ukraine’s capability to use drones while strengthening partner-country capabilities in this area. This is done by multi-lateral procurement of unmanned aerial vehicles together with a training program for Ukrainian soldiers. The Drone coalition has also established a mechanism for the exchange of experiences and lessons learned.

The IT Coalition aims to create an interoperable secure ICT infrastructure as well as a resilient tactical communication capability för the Ministry of Defence of Ukraine and Ukrainian Defence Forces. This will facilitate enhanced situational awareness, command and control, combat support and defence resource management, as well as innovative digital capability development. 

Ukraine Defence Contact Group

The Ukraine Defence Contact Group (UDCG), also known as the Ramstein format, was established in April 2022. It is a cooperation format consisting of almost 60 countries and organisations that meet regularly to coordinate international military support to Ukraine. The format is led by the United States, with Ukraine’s active participation. Defence ministers and chiefs represent their respective countries at the meetings. As of December 2024, the UDCG has convened 24 times.

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